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Azima tetracantha
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Picture: Bart Wursten
National Botanic Garden, Harare
Picture: Bart Wursten
National Botanic Garden, Harare
Picture: Bart Wursten
National Botanic Garden, Harare
Picture: Mark Hyde
Northern side of Turgwe River, Humani Ranch
Picture: Mark Hyde
Northern side of Turgwe River, Humani Ranch
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Species details: Click on each item to see an explanation of that item (Note: opens a new window)
| Synonyms: | |
| Common names: | |
| Frequency: | |
| Status: | Native |
| Description: |
Spiny scrambling shrub. Spines often in whorls of 4; branches 4-angled. Leaves elliptic to oblong, leathery, sharp-tipped at the apex. Flowers in axillary catkin-like inflorescences, greenish, sometimes flushed pink; sexes separate on different trees. Fruit thinly fleshy subspherical with a pointed tip, yellowish to white when ripe. |
| Type location: |
Syntypes from East Indies and plants cultivated in France |
| Notes: | |
| Derivation of specific name: | tetracantha: with 4 spines. |
| Habitat: | In hot, dry riverine scrub, particularly on alluvial or saline soils. |
| Altitude range: | Up to 1200 m |
| Flowering time: | Sep - Mar |
| Worldwide distribution: | Widespread from Somalia, through East and Central Africa to Namibia and South Africa. Also in Madagascar, Aldabara, Comoro islands and from Arabia to India and Sri Lanka and the Philippines. |
| Zambian distribution (Flora Zambesiaca): | C |
| Zambian distribution (Provinces): | Lk |
| Growth form(s): | Shrub over 2 m. |
| Endemic status: | |
| Red data list status: | |
| Insects associated with this species: | |
| Spot characters: | Display spot characters for this species |
| Content last updated: | Wednesday 13 September 2017 |
| Literature: |
Burrows, J.E., Burrows, S.M., Lötter, M.C. & Schmidt, E. (2018). Trees and Shrubs Mozambique Publishing Print Matters (Pty), Cape Town. Page 773. (Includes a picture). Chapano, C. & Mamuto, M. (2003). Plants of the Chimanimani District National Herbarium and Botanic Garden, Zimbabwe Page 8. Coates Palgrave, K. (revised and updated by Meg Coates Palgrave) (2002). Trees of Southern Africa 3rd edition. Struik, South Africa Page 921. Da Silva, M.C., Izidine, S. & Amude, A.B. (2004). A preliminary checklist of the vascular plants of Mozambique. Southern African Botanical Diversity Network Report No. 30 Sabonet, Pretoria Page 107. Drummond, R.B. (1975). A list of trees, shrubs and woody climbers indigenous or naturalised in Rhodesia. Kirkia 10(1) Page 267. Mapaura, A. & Timberlake, J. (eds) (2004). A checklist of Zimbabwean vascular plants Southern African Botanical Diversity Network Report No. 33 Sabonet, Pretoria and Harare Page 75. Phiri, P.S.M. (2005). A Checklist of Zambian Vascular Plants Southern African Botanical Diversity Network Report No. 32 Page 95. Schmidt, E., Lötter, M. & McCleland, W. (2002). Trees and shrubs of Mpumalanga and Kruger National Park Jacana, Johannesburg, South Africa Pages 536 - 537. (Includes a picture). Siebert, S. & Mössmer, M. (Editors) (2002). SABONET Southern Mozambique Expedition 2001; Provisional Plant Checklist of the Maputo Elephant Reserve (MER) and Licuati Forest Reserve (LFR) SABONET News 7(1) Page 29. Vickery, A.R. (1983). Salvadoraceae Flora Zambesiaca 7(1) Pages 375 - 376. (Includes a picture). |
Other sources of information about Azima tetracantha:
Our websites:
Flora of Caprivi: cultivated Azima tetracanthaFlora of Malawi: Azima tetracantha
Flora of Mozambique: Azima tetracantha
Flora of Zimbabwe: Azima tetracantha
External websites:
African Plants: A Photo Guide (Senckenberg): Azima tetracanthaAfrican Plant Database: Azima tetracantha
BHL (Biodiversity Heritage Library): Azima tetracantha
EOL (Encyclopedia of Life): Azima tetracantha
GBIF (Global Biodiversity Information Facility): Azima tetracantha
Google: Web - Images - Scholar
iNaturalist: Azima tetracantha
IPNI (International Plant Names Index): Azima tetracantha
JSTOR Plant Science: Azima tetracantha
Mansfeld World Database of Agricultural and Horticultural Crops: Azima tetracantha
Plants of the World Online: Azima tetracantha
Tropicos: Azima tetracantha
Wikipedia: Azima tetracantha
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