Crystallopollen angustifolium Steetz

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Photo: Bart Wursten
Cleveland Dam, Harare

Photo: Bart Wursten
Quarry Kopje, Cleveland Dam, Harare

Photo: Sune Holt
Machengue, Vilanculos Distr., Inhambane, Mozambique

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Synonyms:	Polydora poskeana (Vatke & Hildebr.) H. Rob. Polydora steetziana (Oliv. & Hiern) H. Rob. Vernonia poskeana Vatke & Hildebr. var. chlorolepis sensu Eyles Vernonia Poskeana Vatke & Hildebr. subsp. poskeana Vernonia poskeana Vatke & Hildebrandt subsp. botswanica G.V. Pope Vernonia poskeana Vatke & Hildebrand subsp. samfyana (G.V.Pope) G.V.Pope Vernonia steetziana Oliv. & Hiern
Common names:
Frequency:
Status:	Native
Description:	Erect annual herb, branching up to c. 1 m tall or unbranched and depauperate (see photos). Leaves linear, up to 8 cm long but usually smaller, somewhat roughly hairy; margin strongly rolled under. Capitula numerous in open terminal panicles. Florets purple.
Type location:	Zanzibar
Notes:
Derivation of specific name:
Habitat:	In grassland, woodland, on rocky outcrops and along streams, dams and roadsides, often in sandy soils.
Altitude range: (metres)
Flowering time:	Apr-May
Worldwide distribution:	Mali, Senegal, Guinea, Ivory Coast, Ghana, Togo, Benin, Nigeria, Cameroon, Gabon, Congo-Brazzaville, Central African Republic, DR Congo, Kenya, Tanzania, Mozambique, Zambia, Zimbabwe, Angola, Botswana, Namibia, Eswatini and northern South Africa.
FZ divisions:
Zambian distribution (Provinces):	Nw,S
Growth form(s):
Endemic status:
Red data list status:
Insects associated with this species:
Spot characters:	Display spot characters for this species
Literature:	Baumann, G. (2005). Photographic Guide to Wildflowers of Malawi Wildlife and Environmental Society of Malawi Pages 180 - 181. as Vernonia poskeana (Includes a picture). Chapano, C. & Mugarisanwa, N.H. (2003). Plants of the Matobo District National Herbarium and Botanic Garden, Zimbabwe Page 37. as Vernonia steetziana and subsp. botswanica Da Silva, M.C., Izidine, S. & Amude, A.B. (2004). A preliminary checklist of the vascular plants of Mozambique. Southern African Botanical Diversity Network Report No. 30 Sabonet, Pretoria Page 36. as Vernonia poskeana and V. steetziana Heath, A. & Heath, R. (2009). Field Guide to the Plants of Northern Botswana including the Okavango Delta Kew Publishing Page 38. as subsp. botswanica (Includes a picture). Kirby, G. (2013). Wild Flowers of Southeast Botswana Struik Nature, Cape Town South Africa Page 305. as subsp. botswanica (Includes a picture). Mapaura, A. & Timberlake, J. (eds) (2004). A checklist of Zimbabwean vascular plants Southern African Botanical Diversity Network Report No. 33 Sabonet, Pretoria and Harare Page 29. also as Vernonia steetziana, V. erinacea and subsp. botswanica Phiri, P.S.M. (2005). A Checklist of Zambian Vascular Plants Southern African Botanical Diversity Network Report No. 32 Page 35. as Vernonia poskeana subspp. poskeana & samfyana, V. steetziana Pope, G.V. (1992). Compositae Flora Zambesiaca 6(1) Pages 147 - 150. also as V. steetziana and V. erinacea, subsp. botswanica and samfyana Robinson, H. (1999). Revisions in paleotropical Vernonieae (Asteraceae) Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington 112(1) Page 233. as Polydora poskeana and P. steetziana Robinson, H., Skvarla, J.J. & Funk, V.A. (2016). Vernoneae (Asteraceae) of Southern Africa: A generic disposition of the species and a study of their pollen. Phytokeys 60 Pages 105 - 107. as Polydora angustifolia, P. poskeana & P. steetziana Setshogo, M.P. (2005). Preliminary checklist of the plants of Botswana. Sabonet Report no. 37. Sabonet, Pretoria and Gaborone Page 39. as Vernonia steetziana and subsp. botswanica Shone, D.K. & Drummond, R.B. (1965). Poisonous Plants of Rhodesia Ministry of Agriculture, Rhodesia Page 59. as Vernonia poskeana Siebert, S. & Mössmer, M. (Editors) (2002). SABONET Southern Mozambique Expedition 2001; Provisional Plant Checklist of the Maputo Elephant Reserve (MER) and Licuati Forest Reserve (LFR) SABONET News 7(1) Page 24. as Vernonia poskeana Timberlake, J.R. & Childes, S.L. (2004). Biodiversity of the Four Corners Area: Technical Reviews Volume Two (Chapter 5-15) Appendix 5-1: Plant Checklist Occasional Publications in Biodiversity 15 Page 201. as Vernonia poskeana Wild, H. (1978). New and interesting Vernonia species from the Flora Zambesiaca area Kirkia 11(1) Pages 2 - 3. as Vernonia poskeana

Other sources of information about Crystallopollen angustifolium:

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Flora of Botswana: Crystallopollen angustifolium
Flora of Caprivi: Crystallopollen angustifolium
Flora of the DRC: Crystallopollen angustifolium
Flora of Malawi: Crystallopollen angustifolium
Flora of Mozambique: Crystallopollen angustifolium
Flora of Zimbabwe: Crystallopollen angustifolium

External websites:

African Plants: A Photo Guide (Senckenberg): Crystallopollen angustifolium
African Plant Database: Crystallopollen angustifolium
BHL (Biodiversity Heritage Library): Crystallopollen angustifolium
EOL (Encyclopedia of Life): Crystallopollen angustifolium
GBIF (Global Biodiversity Information Facility): Crystallopollen angustifolium
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iNaturalist: Crystallopollen angustifolium
IPNI (International Plant Names Index): Crystallopollen angustifolium
JSTOR Plant Science: Crystallopollen angustifolium
Mansfeld World Database of Agricultural and Horticultural Crops: Crystallopollen angustifolium
Plants of the World Online: Crystallopollen angustifolium
Tropicos: Crystallopollen angustifolium
Wikipedia: Crystallopollen angustifolium