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Synonyms: |
Dryopteris friesii Brause Thelypteris friesii (Brause) Schelpe |
Common names: | |
Frequency: | |
Status: | Native |
Description: |
Rhizome short creeping; rhizome scales up to 4.5 mm long, dark brown, lanceolate, entire. Fronds closely spaced, erect, not proliferous, firmly membranous. Stipe up to 38 (85) cm long, pale brown, thinly set with minute white hairs. Lamina up to 1.7 × 0.6 m, narrowly oblong to roughly lanceolate in outline, deeply 2-pinnatifid, apex acute, basal 2 pairs of pinnae slightly reduced, then abruptly ending in a long series of much reduced pinnae, often less than 2 cm long. Pinnae linear-lanceolate in outline, apex tapering to a point, base truncate; ultimate lobes narrowly linear-oblong, falcate, margins entire to lobed; upper surface with hairs along the veins, costules and costae, lower surface hairs along the costae; veins not meeting below the sinus. Rhachis strawcoloured to pale brown, finely covered with short hairs. Sori round, up to 20 per lobe; indusia c. 0.5- 1 mm in diameter, circular to kidney-shaped with a few white hairs. |
Type location: |
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Notes: | C. friesii look for: creeping rhizome, veins not meeting below the sinus between the pinna lobes, stipe with a series of much reduced pinnae. |
Derivation of specific name: | friesii: named after R.E. Fries, Swedish botanist and editor of Botanik 1 (1914), who collected this species for the first time in Zambia in 1911. |
Habitat: | Evergreen fringing forests and swamp forests, growing on continuously wet soils, in dense shade, more rarely in open shade at forest edges. |
Altitude range: | 1100 - 1650 m |
Worldwide distribution: | Angola, Cameroon, Congo, DRC, Kenya, Malawi, Tanzania, Zambia, Zimbabwe. |
Zambian distribution (Flora Zambesiaca): | N,W |
Zambian distribution (Provinces): | Nw,Cb,Lp,N,C,Lk |
Growth form(s): | Terrestrial. |
Endemic status: | |
Red data list status: | |
Insects associated with this species: | |
Spot characters: | Display spot characters for this species |
Literature: |
Burrows, J.E. (1990). Southern African Ferns and Fern Allies. Frandsen, Sandton. Pages 260 - 261. As Thelypteris friesii (Includes a picture). Burrows, J.E. & Burrows, S.M. (1993). An annotated check-list of the pteridophytes of Malawi Kirkia 14(1) Page 95. Burrows, J.E. & Willis, C.K. (eds) (2005). Plants of the Nyika Plateau Southern African Botanical Diversity Network Report No. 31 SABONET, Pretoria Page 45. as Thelypteris friesii Dowsett-Lemaire, F. (1989). The flora and phytogeography of the evergreen forests of Malawi. I: Afromontane and mid-altitude forests; Bull. Jard. Bot. Nat. Belg. 59(1/2) Page 26. As Thelypteris friesii Jacobsen, W.B.G. (1983). The Ferns and Fern Allies of Southern Africa. Butterworths, Durban and Pretoria. Pages 389 - 390. (Includes a picture). Kornas, J. (1979). Distribution and ecology of the Pteridophytes in Zambia Polska Akademia Nauk Wydzial II Nauk Biologicznych Pages 90 - 91. As Thelypteris friesii Mapaura, A. & Timberlake, J. (eds) (2004). A checklist of Zimbabwean vascular plants Southern African Botanical Diversity Network Report No. 33 Sabonet, Pretoria and Harare Page 10. Roux, J.P. (2001). Conspectus of Southern African Pteridophyta. Southern African Botanical Diversity Network Report 13 Page 121. Roux, J.P. (2009). Synopsis of the Lycopodiophyta and Pteridophyta of Africa, Madagascar and neighbouring islands Page 203. Schelpe, E.A.C.L.E. (1970). Pteridophyta Flora Zambesiaca Pages 192 - 193. As Thelypteris friesii |
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