Xymalos monospora (Harv.) Baill.

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Picture: Bart Wursten
Small dam in forest off the Woodland Rd, Vumba

Picture: Bart Wursten
Cloudlands' Forest

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Synonyms:
Common names:
Frequency:
Status:	Native
Description:	Medium-sized to large tree, often coppicing from old trunks. Bark grey to brown, flaking off to reveal distinctive, often concentric markings. Leaves opposite, subopposite or alternate, broadly elliptic to obovate, 5-18 cm, dark green with translucent gland-dots; midrib and veins indented above; apex sharply tipped; margin irregularly toothed to almost entire, often rolled under. Flowers in short axillary spikes, near the ends of branches, yellowish, unisexual on different trees. Fruit ellipsoid, c. 1.5 cm, fleshy, hairless, red when ripe.
Type location:	South Africa
Notes:
Derivation of specific name:	monospora: 1-seeded
Habitat:
Altitude range:
Flowering time:	Jun - Oct
Worldwide distribution:	From Cameroon and the Sudan southwards to East Africa and South Africa
Zambian distribution (Flora Zambesiaca):
Zambian distribution (Provinces):	Mc
Growth form(s):	Tree, shrub over 2 m.
Endemic status:
Red data list status:
Insects associated with this species:	Papilio dardanus cenea (Food plant)
Spot characters:	Display spot characters for this species
Literature:	Burrows, J.E. & Willis, C.K. (eds) (2005). Plants of the Nyika Plateau Southern African Botanical Diversity Network Report No. 31 SABONET, Pretoria Page 212. (Includes a picture). Coates Palgrave K. (revised and updated by Meg Coates Palgrave) (2002). Trees of Southern Africa 3rd edition. Struik, South Africa Pages 212 - 213. Drummond, R.B. (1975). A list of trees, shrubs and woody climbers indigenous or naturalised in Rhodesia. Kirkia 10(1) Page 237. Mapaura, A. & Timberlake, J. (eds) (2004). A checklist of Zimbabwean vascular plants Southern African Botanical Diversity Network Report No. 33 Sabonet, Pretoria and Harare Page 62. Stannard, B.L. (1997). Monimiaceae Flora Zambesiaca 9(2) Pages 43 - 44. (Includes a picture). Steedman, E.C. (1933). Some Trees, Shrubs and Lianes of Southern Rhodesia. Page 8. Strugnell, A.M. (2006). A Checklist of the Spermatophytes of Mount Mulanje, Malawi Scripta Botanica Belgica 34 National Botanic Garden of Belgium Page 123.

Other sources of information about Xymalos monospora:

Our websites:

Flora of Malawi: Xymalos monospora
Flora of Mozambique: Xymalos monospora
Flora of Zimbabwe: Xymalos monospora

External websites:

African Plants: A Photo Guide (Senckenberg): Xymalos monospora
African Plant Database: Xymalos monospora
Biodiversity Explorer (Biodiversity of southern Africa): Xymalos monospora
BHL (Biodiversity Heritage Library): Xymalos monospora
EOL (Encyclopedia of Life): Xymalos monospora
ePIC (electronic Plant Information Center): Xymalos monospora
Flora Zambesiaca web site: Xymalos monospora
GBIF (Global Biodiversity Information Facility): Xymalos monospora
Google: Web - Images - Scholar
GRIN (Germplasm Resources Information Network): Xymalos monospora
IPNI (International Plant Names Index): Xymalos monospora
Ispot Southern Africa: Xymalos monospora
JSTOR Plant Science: Xymalos monospora
Kew Herbarium catalogue: Xymalos monospora
Mansfeld World Database of Agricultural and Horticultural Crops: Xymalos monospora
The Plant List (version 1.1): Xymalos monospora
Tropicos: Xymalos monospora