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Synonyms: |
Oryza breviligulata A. Chev. & Roehr Oryza mezii Prodoehl Oryza perennis subsp. barthii (A. Chev.) A. Chev. Oryza stapfii Roshev. Oryza sylvestris var. barthii A. Chev. |
Common names: | |
Frequency: | |
Status: | Native |
Description: |
An annual aquatic grass growing in tufts. Culms 60-120 (rarely more) cm. tall, 3-8-noded, rather weak, erect or geniculately ascending, producing aerial roots from the lower nodes, terete, spongy, striate, smooth, glabrous. Leaf-sheaths scarious, striate, somewhat tight when young later loose and usually wrinkled, smooth, glabrous, produced into short auricles at the mouth. Ligule 3-6 (rarely -9) mm. long, thinly membraneous, truncate, or rounded. Leaf-laminae 15-45 × 0·4-1·3 cm, linear to very narrowly elliptic (always broadest around the middle), apex acute, intense green, flaccid, glabrous, smooth on the lower, asperulous on the upper surface; midrib not very distinct, pale. Panicle 20-35 × 3-7·5 cm, obdeltoid, rather dense, many-flowered, erect or more rarely somewhat nodding; rhachis stout, angular, sulcate, glabrous, smooth; branches usually erect or obliquely ascending, often appressed to the rhachis, angular, scaberulous. Pedicels 1-6 mm. long, stout, striate, scaberulous or smooth, glabrous. Glumes reduced to a tiny 2-lobed rim, remaining at the pedicel. Spikelets 8-10·5 mm long (excl. the awn), up to 3·4 mm wide, deciduous, obliquely inserted on the pedicel, oblong to oblong-semi-elliptic in lateral view, pale green to straw coloured. Sterile lemmas 2·5-4·5 mm long, equal in length or nearly so, similar in shape, lanceolate or narrowly triangular in lateral view, acute, chartaceous-coriaceous, smooth or dorsally asperulous. Fertile lemma slightly shorter than the spikelet, cymbiform, coriaceous, with 2 longitudinal lateral grooves; flanks stiffly hispid to glabrous, inconspicuously tessellate; keels rounded, usually stiffly ciliate mainly towards the apex; apical callus usually dark purplish; awn (6·5)8-16(-19) cm long, stiff, salmon-pink to purplish when fresh, terete or obtusely angular, densely covered with short forwardly directed bristles. Palea about as long as the lemma but much narrower, similar in texture and indument, with the apex drawn out in short blunt purplish point. |
Type location: |
Chad |
Notes: | |
Derivation of specific name: | |
Habitat: | Growing in shallow ponds, vieis, dambos, rice fields and similar habitats, often forming pure dominant stands but usually scattered with other aquatic grasses. |
Altitude range: (metres) | |
Flowering time: | |
Worldwide distribution: | Botswana, Ghana, Guinea, Ivory Coast, Liberia, Malawi, Mauritania, Nigeria, Senegal, Sierra Leone, Sudan, Sudan Republic, Tanzania, Uganda, Zambia, Zimbabwe |
National distribution: | B,S |
Zambian distribution (Provinces): | S,W |
Growth form(s): | |
Endemic status: | |
Red data list status: | |
Insects associated with this species: | |
Spot characters: | Display spot characters for this species |
Literature: |
Burrows, J.E. & Willis, C.K. (eds) (2005). Plants of the Nyika Plateau Southern African Botanical Diversity Network Report No. 31 SABONET, Pretoria Page 357. (Includes a picture). Jackson, G. & Wiehe, P.O. (1958). An Annotated Check List of Nyasaland Grasses The Government Printer, Zomba, Nyasaland Page 50. Launert, E. (1971). Poaceae Flora Zambesiaca 10(1) Pages 33 - 35. (Includes a picture). Mapaura, A. & Timberlake, J. (eds) (2004). A checklist of Zimbabwean vascular plants Southern African Botanical Diversity Network Report No. 33 Sabonet, Pretoria and Harare Page 107. Setshogo, M.P. (2005). Preliminary checklist of the plants of Botswana. Sabonet Report no. 37. Sabonet, Pretoria and Gaborone Page 141. |
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