Hyparrhenia welwitschii (Rendle) Stapf

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Synonyms: Andropogon welwitschii (Rendle) K. Schum.
Cymbopogon welwitschii Rendle
Hyparrhenia gracilescens Stapf
Common names:
Frequency:
Status: Native
Description:
Annual; culms up to 300 cm high, glabrous or with a ring of white or brown hairs at each node, often supported by stilt roots. Leaf sheaths glabrous; leaf laminas up to 60 cm × 12 mm, glabrous, narrowed at the base. False panicle 30–60 cm long, lax, leafy; spatheoles 3–5 cm long, narrowly lanceolate, glabrous; peduncles a little shorter than the spatheoles, barbate all round above with white or yellow bulbous-based hairs, ± straight; racemes 1.2–1.7 cm long, 3-awned per pair, laterally exserted, deflexed; raceme-bases subequal, the superior c. 1 mm long, flattened, stiffly setose with pale rufous bulbous-based bristles, the apex produced into an oblong, reddish, irregularly lobed appendage 0.5–1 mm long. Homogamous spikelets 7–10 mm long, a single pair at the base of the inferior raceme only, glabrous, awnless. Sessile spikelet 5–7 mm long; callus c. 1.5 mm long, pungent; inferior glume linear-oblong, greyish, glabrescent to sparsely pubescent with white hairs; awn 4–7 cm long, the column pubescent with fulvous hairs 0.2–0.6 mm long. Pedicelled spikelets 6–8 mm long, linear-lanceolate, glabrous, terminating in a slender awn 2–11(14) mm long; callus scarcely developed; pedicel-tooth short.
Type location:
Notes:
Derivation of specific name: welwitschii: Named after the Austrian botanist, Friedrich Martin Welwitsch (1806-1872)
Habitat: Growing in light or deep shade in wooded grassland, usually on deep moist soils, but occasionally on lighter sandy soils
Altitude range: 700 - 1220 m
Flowering time:
Worldwide distribution: West tropical Africa from Guinea to Angola, eastwards to Sudan and the Comoro Islands, Botswana, Malawi, Mozambique, Zambia, Zimbabwe
Zambian distribution (Flora Zambesiaca): N,W,C
Zambian distribution (Provinces): Nw,Cb
Growth form(s):
Endemic status:
Red data list status:
Insects associated with this species:
Spot characters: Display spot characters for this species
Literature:

Burrows, J.E. & Willis, C.K. (eds) (2005). Plants of the Nyika Plateau Southern African Botanical Diversity Network Report No. 31 SABONET, Pretoria Page 350.

Cope, T.A. (2002). Poaceae Flora Zambesiaca 10(4) Page 127.

Jackson, G. & Wiehe, P.O. (1958). An Annotated Check List of Nyasaland Grasses The Government Printer, Zomba, Nyasaland Page 44. As Hyparrhenia gracilescens

Mapaura, A. & Timberlake, J. (eds) (2004). A checklist of Zimbabwean vascular plants Southern African Botanical Diversity Network Report No. 33 Sabonet, Pretoria and Harare Page 105.

Setshogo, M.P. (2005). Preliminary checklist of the plants of Botswana. Sabonet Report no. 37. Sabonet, Pretoria and Gaborone Page 139.

Strugnell, A.M. (2006). A Checklist of the Spermatophytes of Mount Mulanje, Malawi Scripta Botanica Belgica 34 National Botanic Garden of Belgium Page 149.

Other sources of information about Hyparrhenia welwitschii:

Our websites:

Flora of Botswana: Hyparrhenia welwitschii
Flora of Caprivi: cultivated Hyparrhenia welwitschii
Flora of Malawi: Hyparrhenia welwitschii
Flora of Mozambique: Hyparrhenia welwitschii
Flora of Zimbabwe: Hyparrhenia welwitschii

External websites:

African Plants: A Photo Guide (Senckenberg): Hyparrhenia welwitschii
African Plant Database: Hyparrhenia welwitschii
BHL (Biodiversity Heritage Library): Hyparrhenia welwitschii
EOL (Encyclopedia of Life): Hyparrhenia welwitschii
GBIF (Global Biodiversity Information Facility): Hyparrhenia welwitschii
Google: Web - Images - Scholar
iNaturalist: Hyparrhenia welwitschii
IPNI (International Plant Names Index): Hyparrhenia welwitschii
JSTOR Plant Science: Hyparrhenia welwitschii
Mansfeld World Database of Agricultural and Horticultural Crops: Hyparrhenia welwitschii
Plants of the World Online: Hyparrhenia welwitschii
Tropicos: Hyparrhenia welwitschii
Wikipedia: Hyparrhenia welwitschii


Copyright: Mike Bingham, Annette Willemen, Bart Wursten, Petra Ballings and Mark Hyde, 2011-24

Bingham, M.G., Willemen, A., Wursten, B.T., Ballings, P. and Hyde, M.A. (2024). Flora of Zambia: Species information: Hyparrhenia welwitschii.
https://www.zambiaflora.com/speciesdata/species.php?species_id=109030, retrieved 28 March 2024

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